Territory: 18 sq. km
Population: 1 people, of which 197% are residents of the city.
Geographical position: The republic is located in the east of the East European Plain, mainly on the right bank of the Volga, between its tributaries the Sura and the Sviyaga.
Climate: temperate continental with distinct seasons, characterized by frosty winters and hot summers. Precipitation falls mainly in winter and summer (from 450 to 550 mm per year).
Relief: complex and varied. On the territory of the republic there are elevated areas and depressions, deep ravines, dune hills, swampy lowlands.
Soils: chernozems, gray forest, sod-podzolic, partly alluvial. The most favorable for agriculture are chernozems, but their share is low.
The area of agricultural land: 934,6 thousand ha.
The Republic of Chuvashia is one of the main potato-producing territories of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia, and traditionally occupies a leading position among the regions of the Volga Federal District in terms of the gross potato harvest. The production volumes of the product are twice the needs of the inhabitants of the republic.
Potato planting area, thousand ha | |||||
2019 year | 2020 year | 2021 year | |||
K(F)X | Agricultural organizations | K(F)X | Agricultural organizations | K(F)X | Agricultural organizations |
3,28 | 3,14 | 2,41 | 2,62 | 2,54 | 2,46 |
It should be noted that over the past few years, collection rates in the organized sector have been declining. As in many other regions of Russia, overproduction of potatoes was noted in Chuvashia, prices for products fell to the level of cost and below, and agricultural producers lost interest in this crop. In 2021, the demand for potatoes began to grow, but the weather prevented a good harvest: the main potato-growing regions were hit hard by the drought.
At present, the price situation is favorable for producers of potatoes and vegetables on the market. In this regard, some large agricultural enterprises decided to increase the planting area.
Gross harvest of potatoes, thousand centners | |||||
K(F)X | Agricultural organizations | ||||
2019 year | 2020 year | 2021 year | 2019 year | 2020 year | 2021 year |
873,35 | 550,24 | 532,02 | 879,74 | 626,23 | 544,69 |
Potato yield, c/ha | |||
2019 year | 2020 year | 2021 year | |
K(F)X | 267,8 | 228,3 | 241,8 |
Agricultural organizations | 283,3 | 239,6 | 222,6 |
Leading potato growing enterprises
267 agricultural enterprises are engaged in the cultivation of potatoes in the republic, of which 50 can be classified as large (planted area over 32 hectares).
The main production is concentrated in Batyrevsky, Kozlovsky, Komsomolsky municipal districts. They account for 43,3% of the potato area in the large commodity sector (2205 ha).
The largest potato-growing enterprise in the Chuvash Republic is rightfully considered the group of companies "Glory to the Potato" (headed by Idiatullin Khasiyatulla Semigullovich). The use of modern ameliorative systems, the use of planting material of higher reproductions of high-yielding varieties of both domestic and foreign selections - all this is the key to successful potato business for 20 years.
The total area of potato cultivation in 2021 amounted to 680 hectares.
The enterprises of the group of companies are provided with modern potato storage facilities with controlled microclimate systems. Every year, on the basis of the Group of Companies, the Day of the Potato Field is held with the participation of manufacturers of agricultural machinery, suppliers of plant protection products, and agricultural producers.
Significant areas for the cultivation of potatoes are annually allotted in the Peasant (farm) economy of Semenov Ivan Vasilyevich. In 2021, the farm grew potatoes on an area of 190 hectares. The enterprise actively uses reclamation systems in its work, increases storage capacities.
Among the leaders in terms of potato production in the republic, one can also list the Peasant (farming) farm of Yamukov Gennady Nikolaevich, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrofirma Istok. The farms use advanced technologies, use modern energy-saturated equipment.
Infrastructure
In general, the republic is provided with capacities for storing potatoes. The total area of storage facilities for one-time storage is 180 thousand tons, which significantly exceeds the volume of production in the large-scale sector. At the same time, there is a need for storage facilities that allow for long-term storage (until April-May) without loss of quality.
Support measures
In order to develop potato growing in the republic, the following types of state support are provided:
- compensation of part of the costs for the purchase of elite seeds of agricultural crops - up to 80% of the costs;
- unrelated support in the field of crop production (per 1 ha of planting area);
- subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery (including leasing) - up to 40% of the cost;
- subsidies for the purchase of land reclamation equipment - up to 50% of the costs;
- subsidies in the performance of work to improve soil fertility - up to 90% of the costs;
- concessional lending;
- compensation of 20% of direct costs incurred for the construction of potato storage facilities.
Breeding and seed production
In the Chuvash Republic, work continues on the creation of new varieties of potatoes (breeders of the Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture are conducting this direction) and obtaining high-quality seed material.
The group of companies "Glory to Potato" is implementing a project to create a selection and seed-growing center on the basis of LLC "Agrofirma" Glory to Potato - Yalchiki ". The plant operates a laboratory for microclonal propagation of plants.
Agrofirma Glory to Potato - Yalchiki LLC is successfully working to obtain initial and original seed material (microplants, minitubers, 1st field generation, super-superelite), elite seed potatoes (superelite, elite).
As part of the project, ASK-Yalchiki LLC grows new domestic promising varieties: Meteor, Gulliver, Flame, Krasa Meshchery.
The list of seed farms for potatoes also includes the Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture - a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FANC of the North-East named after N.V. Rudnitsky, LLC Agrofirma Slava Potato, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrokhmel. The register is formed annually by the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" in the Chuvash Republic.
Recycling
Several potato processing enterprises operate on the territory of the republic. Of these, three specialize in the production of potato starch: NPO Promservis JSC (non-food starch), Chuvashenkrakhmal LLC, and Poretsky Starch OJSC. Two enterprises produce dried potatoes: TAV LLC and K (F) Kh Gafarov I.T. Shemurshinsky district.
The material was provided by the department of crop production, mechanization, chemicalization and plant protection of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Chuvash Republic