Every year, specialists from the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" in the Krasnoyarsk Territory monitor the species composition and features of the formation of the weed complex of agricultural crops. lands of the region. These surveys are the basis for the development of protective measures against weeds.
An operational survey allows you to clarify the species composition, quantity and growth phases of weeds in a particular field. The data obtained is used to develop an operational forecast, with the help of which farmers can make adjustments to the areas to be cultivated, the type of processing and its volume. In 2022, Rosselkhozcenter specialists, together with farm agronomists, promptly surveyed 920,7 thousand hectares. According to long-term data, from 70 to 110 species of weeds belonging to 8 biological groups develop in the fields of the region (Fig. 1).
The main survey is carried out during the mass appearance of the main types of weeds. The data obtained is used to develop comprehensive measures for weed control, to evaluate their effectiveness, and the data is also the basis for the preparation of herbicides for the next year. Specialists of Rosselkhoztsentr carried out the main accounting for 135,7 thousand hectares.
On the agricultural lands of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, as usual, young weeds (spring and late, wintering and biennial) dominated - 68% of the total weeds. At the same time, juvenile spring plants were the most numerous biological group (50%). The proportion of wintering, biennial and perennial weeds in the weed complex of the region was 12%, 6% and 32%, respectively (Fig. 1)
Crops of page - x. crops of the region are infested mainly by a mixed type: oat-root-shoot-rhizome-root type of infestation was observed on 38% of the surveyed area, oat-root-shoot-rhizome – on 21%, oat-root-shoot-root-shoot – on 31%, oat-root-shoot-root – on 5 % and other types (oat, rhizomatous, rhizomatous and rhizomatous-rhizomatous) – by 5% (Fig. 2).
In the central and western groups of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the oat-root shoot-rhizome-root tap type of infestation prevailed and accounted for 61% and 48%, respectively. In the west and south of the region, the oat-root weed type of infestation prevailed, which accounted for 40% and 60% of the entire surveyed area of the groups.
In 2022, the main crop weeds are represented by 24 species:
- Annual early spring - common wild oats, white gauze, tenacious bedstraw, bindweed buckwheat, Tatar buckwheat, panicle-bearing buckwheat (round);
- Annual late spring crops - weed millet, chicken millet, foxtail (green, gray), pikulnik (double-cut, incense), upturned amaranth, weed hemp, medicinal chamomile;
- Annual wintering - cicutus stork, violet (field, tricolor);
- Biennial - Velcro protruding;
- Perennial root shoots - field sow thistle, pink sow thistle, common toadflax, field bindweed;
- Perennial rhizomes - couch grass, mouse peas;
- Perennial rhizomatous horsetails - field horsetail;
- Perennial root rod - dandelion officinalis.
For recommendations on planning and carrying out protective measures, please contact the district (inter-district) departments or the plant protection department of the Rosselkhozcenter branch in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.