Potatoes are one of the most vulnerable crops for all kinds of diseases. Penetrating viral, fungal, and bacterial infections over time, accumulate in the tubers over time and cause the degeneration of potatoes. Photo by Victor Bobyr
Specialists of the Komi Rosselkhoznadzor Directorate recommend that seed varieties of potatoes included in the State Register of Selection Achievements Approved for Use in Russia and Zoned for the Climate Zone be used for planting.
According to GOST 33996-2016 “Seed potatoes. Technical conditions and methods for determining quality ”, seed potato tubers must be healthy, whole, with a firm skin, shape and color typical of the corresponding botanical variety, dry, not sprouted (in the spring sale, tubers with sprouts no more than 5 mm long are allowed) .
Seed potato tubers are divided into categories: superelite, elite, tubers of the first, second and third reproduction.
Superelite is the most “clean”, completely free from any infections, potato grown in laboratory conditions from the meristem. This is a very expensive planting material, which is usually purchased by nurseries for the subsequent production of elite seed potatoes and potatoes of the first reproduction.
Elite seed potatoes are high-quality planting material that is not infected with viruses and bacteria. Healthy plants will grow out of it, as responsive as possible to good care and giving a high crop of quality tubers.
First reproduction potatoes are seed potatoes obtained in the first year after the elite tubers are planted. Such planting material also gives a good harvest, but it begins to accumulate diseases faster than the "elite" class potatoes.
A good crop also grows from potatoes of the second and third reproductions, but after a year or two it goes into the category of “food potatoes”, in which productivity decreases, varietal characters and resistance to diseases are lost.
One of the main rules - do not make purchases in spontaneous markets or from unverified sellers. The seller must have a certificate of conformity (seed certificate) for products that indicate the name of the variety, the category of planting material (superelite, elite), batch number, crop year, batch weight, name and address of the supplier. The selected potato variety should be suitable for growing in your region (varieties bred in the southern regions are not suitable for growing in the middle lane and northern regions, and vice versa).
The tubers should be dry, even and smooth, approximately the same in shape and weight, with an elastic peel (a wrinkled peel indicates improper storage, which can adversely affect the crop).
High-quality seed potatoes should be without sprouts (during transportation, some of them will necessarily break off, which will lead to a significant decrease in yield); the tubers should not have cracks, stains, cuts or traces of rot (for high-quality seed potatoes this is unacceptable, because such tubers cannot be considered as healthy planting material).
In addition, the presence of weed seeds of quarantine significance for the Russian Federation, as well as pests and diseases, which include potato cancer, brown bacterial rot, black leg, various types of mosaics, late blight, black scab, and potato smut, are not allowed in seed potatoes. golden potato nematode and others.
Using potato tubers of unknown origin for planting, there is a high probability of a disease entering its site. This can lead to a poor crop, as well as to contamination of the soil.
Let us remind that the poor residents of the republic will be able to get money to buy seed potatoes and vegetables. People who grow potatoes on their plots will be able to take advantage of the new support measure.
On the portal for public discussion of draft regulations, the Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Protection posted a draft government decree, which introduces a measure of social support and determines the procedure and conditions for payment of money.
Officially, a lump sum payment will be called "for conducting gardening". Its size will be 500 rubles. Families and lonely people who were recognized as poor on May 1, 2020 can count on receiving money. It is specified that in a poor family 500 rubles will be paid for each member.
The local centers for the provision of public services in the field of social protection of the population will appoint and transfer the payment. It will be necessary to apply for payment no later than June 30, 2020.
For the purpose of payment, it will be necessary to submit to the center a statement indicating the availability of a land plot owned by a poor family or a single living person, in permanent use, gratuitous use, lifetime inheritable possession or lease. You will need to provide the original of this document. A certificate of recognition of a family or a lonely living person is not provided. The centers will check this status on their own.
The decision on the appointment and payment or refusal is made within five business days from the date of registration of the application. Money will be transferred within 10 calendar days from the date the decision on the payment is made.