The Siberian Federal District occupies 25,5% of the territory of Russia, includes ten regions, in which 11,7% of the country's population lives.
The natural and climatic conditions of the district cannot be called ideal for agricultural production (the presence of regions of the Far North and equivalent areas), nevertheless, the SFD accounts for 10,4% of the country's agricultural production.
According to the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, planting areas for potatoes in the Siberian Federal District in 2020 amounted to 33,22 thousand hectares, in 2021 they decreased to 31 thousand hectares. According to preliminary data, in 2022 this figure reached 32 thousand hectares.
KEMEROVSK REGION
The leading position in terms of potato production among the regions of Siberia is occupied by Kuzbass.
The region is fully provided with potatoes (the level of provision is 114%).
More than 60 enterprises are engaged in the cultivation of products. The key list includes: OOO KDV-Agro, SPK Beregovoy, SPK Vishnevsky, OOO Khutor, OOO Vesna, KH Bekon, IP KFH Vasiliev A.A., IP GKFH Shapoval N.A., IP Polukhin N.I., IP KFH Shefer V.R., IP KFH Ershov N.A. and more
Kuzbass enterprises do not experience shortages of seed potatoes. The share of varietal seeds is 64%, of which 22% are original and elite. On the base Kemerovo Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture - branch of the Federal Scientific Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences a selection and seed center for potatoes was organized, where new varieties are created and primary seed production is carried out. Also, potato seed material is grown in seed farms: KH "Bacon", SPK "Beregovoy", LLC "Spring".
Agrarians of the region cultivate varieties of both domestic and foreign selection. The most common are: Gala, Bonus, Queen Anna, Lady Claire, Nevsky, Red Scarlett, Rosara, Tanay, Tuleevsky.
STORAGE. To date, there are about 50 potato storage facilities in the region with a total storage capacity of 141 thousand tons. They are equipped with sorting and packaging lines, automatic systems for maintaining temperature and humidity. Given that part of the crop is sold in summer and autumn, the available capacities are sufficient to accommodate potatoes for winter storage.
RECYCLING. The cultivation of potatoes suitable for processing and its subsequent processing are carried out by the enterprises of KVD-groups: KVD-Agro LLC, KVD Yashkino LLC. In 2021, about 18,5 thousand tons of chips were produced.
Potato planting area in the organized sector, thousand ha*
The volume of gross potato harvest in the organized sector, thousand tons*
Potato yield indicators in the organized sector, c/ha*
KRASNOYARSK REGION
The region is one of the largest potato producers both in the Siberian Federal District and throughout Russia.
For the period 2017-2019 in agricultural organizations, an increase in the yield and gross harvest of potatoes was noted with a decrease in planting area by 3,2%. The introduction of modern crop cultivation technologies, including irrigation, the widespread use of intensive varieties ensured the leading positions of large producers, while some small producers changed their profile of activity.
About 90% of the potato area is devoted to the cultivation of varieties of foreign selection (the most common are Gala, Vega, Red Scarlett).
Domestic selection is represented by the following varieties: Tuleevsky, Kemerovchanin, Ta-nay, Nakra, Krasnoyarsky early, etc.
A significant role in providing the farmers of the Krasnoyarsk Territory with high-quality seed material is played by LLC "SPH "Gifts of Malinovki". The enterprise is engaged in original seed production of potatoes in vitro and cultivation of mini-tubers. In 2021, 0,9755 tons of mini-tubers of 60,64 potato varieties were grown in greenhouses on an area of 12 hectares. Most of the varieties of Russian origin: Gulliver, Vympel, Krasa Meshchera, Meteor, Sadon, Violet, Favorit, Fritella.
SHP Dary Malinovka LLC is certified in the Rosselkhozcenter Voluntary Certification System as a seed potato producer.
Also, scientists are engaged in selection and propagation of seed potatoes. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University". The university is the originator of Aramis and Krasnoyarsky early varieties.
However, the region's demand for seed potatoes remains quite high. Estimated availability of local seed material is about 13,5%.
In 2021, agricultural organizations and peasant farms of the region planted 11,1 thousand tons of potatoes. Of the total volume, 40% are varietal seeds, 60% are non-varietal seed material.
A significant volume of seed potatoes is imported into the region from the Samara (LLC Molyanov Agro Group) and Moscow regions (LLC Solana Rus).
Potato planting area in the organized sector, thousand ha*
Gross harvest of potatoes in the organized sector, thousand tons
Potato yield indicators in the organized sector, c/ha*
STATE SUPPORT MEASURES
1. Reimbursement of part of the costs for supporting elite seed production and for carrying out agrotechnological work in the field of seed production of agricultural crops.
2. Reimbursement of part of the costs for carrying out agrotechnological work, increasing the level of environmental safety of agricultural production, as well as improving the fertility and quality of soils.
- 3. Provision of unrelated support in the field of crop production to state and municipal enterprises, agricultural producers.
- 4. Reimbursement of part of the direct costs incurred for the creation and (or) modernization of agro-industrial complex: 15% of the costs for the construction and (or) modernization of vegetable and potato storage facilities owned by the right of ownership. 30% of the costs associated with the purchase of specialized technological equipment.
- 5. Reimbursement (financial support) of part of the costs associated with the acquisition of new machinery and equipment for agriculture.
Additionally, the issue of reimbursement of part of the costs for the construction and (or) reconstruction of storage facilities for vegetables and (or) potatoes (50% of the costs for the construction or reconstruction of the facility) is being worked out.
The amount of financing is about 165 million rubles. Funds are planned to be provided in the planning period of 2023-2024 for the construction of eight new facilities and for the reconstruction of four facilities.
ALTAI REGION
The Altai Territory is deservedly considered the breadbasket of Siberia. The region is the largest Russian grain producer. Important areas in crop production are also fodder production and the cultivation of oilseeds.
Local farmers are also making significant progress in growing potatoes and vegetables.
The production of potatoes and vegetables is concentrated mainly in households. In 2021, they grew 81,8% of the total potato harvest (in 2020 - 85,9%), received 72,0% of vegetables (68,7%).
Every year, all categories of farms produce 500-600 thousand tons of potatoes and about 150 thousand tons of vegetables, which allows not only to fully provide the region, but also to supply significant batches of potatoes and vegetable products outside the region.
The list of leading potato farms includes: "Russian vegetable" (Pervomaisky district), LLC "Saturn-2" (Pervomaisky district), SoyuzAgro LLC (Kytmanovsky district). LLC "Saturn-2" is engaged in the cultivation of both table products and potato chips.
OMSK REGION
The Omsk region is also among the leaders in terms of potato production.
Potato planting area in the organized sector, thousand ha*
The volume of gross potato harvest in the organized sector, thousand tons*
There are large potato-growing farms in the region. Among them: OOO TPK Agrokultura (373 ha under potatoes), SPK "Pushkinsky" (300 ha under potatoes), SP GKFH Chuchmar V.M. (236 ha under potatoes), LLC Tauride vegetable grower (220 ha under potatoes), SP GKFH Ignatiev S.A. (190 ha under potatoes), IP GKFH Drofa Yu.N. (180 ha under potatoes), IP Kabdenov T.E. (170 ha under potatoes), OOO TPK Elita-potato (160 ha under potatoes), IP GKFH Knysh A.A. (157 ha under potatoes), IP GKFH Knysh O.A. (157 ha under potatoes), LLC "Voskhod" (150 ha under potatoes).
SEED PRODUCTION. Work on selection and seed production of potatoes is carried out by scientists of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Omsk Agrarian Research Center". The production of original and elite seed material is engaged in OOO TPK Elita. The farm annually receives 1,2 thousand tons of seed potatoes of such varieties as Impala, Riviera, Rosara, Zhukovsky, Red Scarlett. A number of other enterprises also grow seed potatoes in the region. To date, the availability of seed potatoes in the Omsk region is 100%.
STORAGE PROVISION. The volume of potato storage capacities in the region exceeds 190 thousand tons. Every year, agricultural producers put new storage facilities into operation. In 2022 LLC "Achairsky agroproduct" will put into operation a storage facility for 3,2 thousand tons of one-time storage. These projects are provided with state support to reimburse part of the costs (20-30% from the federal budget, 5% from the regional budget).
STATE SUPPORT MEASURES. Agricultural producers involved in the cultivation of potatoes are provided with the following support measures:
- for the purchase of elite potato seeds;
- for the provision of unrelated support in the field of crop production (per 1 ha of potato sown area, for the production of original and elite seed potatoes);
- for irrigation and drainage measures (construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment of drainage systems for general and individual use, etc.);
- to reimburse part of the direct costs incurred for the creation and (or) modernization of agro-industrial complex facilities (construction of vegetable and potato storage facilities).
NOVOSIBIRSK REGION
At the end of 2021, the region ranks fifth in the Siberian Federal District in terms of potato production. The planted area of potatoes in the organized sector this season is 3,4 thousand hectares, which is 500 hectares more than a year earlier.
This year, 15 agricultural enterprises, 24 peasant farms and individual entrepreneurs are engaged in growing potatoes in the Novosibirsk Region. The largest areas of cultivation are located in Novosibirsk, Orda, Iskitim and Moshkovsky regions. The list of the largest potato producers in the region includes: AO SPH "Yarkovskoe", OOO "OPKH "Dary Ordynska", KFH "AgroAlliance", LLC "Giant's Gardens".
RECLAIM. The Novosibirsk region is located in the zone of a sharply continental climatic zone and often suffers from drought. The use of reclamation systems avoids losses and ensures high yields. To date, five enterprises in the region (CJSC stud farm "Irmen", LLC "LEONiS", LLC "OPKh "Dary Ordynska", CJSC "Priobskoye", IP Head of K (F) Kh Ponomarev Yu.V.) grow potatoes on irrigation.
STORAGE PROVISION. In the region, 15 production sites are specialized in potato and vegetable storage, the total storage capacity is 93,3 thousand tons.
POTATO PROCESSING. In 2021, the company's plant began operating in the Novosibirsk Region PepsiCo for the production of salty snacks. A number of SFD enterprises supply this enterprise with raw materials for processing, including Novosibirsk agricultural producers. Thus, the Yarkovskoye SPH is engaged in the cultivation of potato chips; in 2022, 150 hectares are allocated for varieties for processing.
STATE SUPPORT MEASURES
Ministry of Agriculture
Novosibirsk region, within the framework of the state program "Development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets in the Novosibirsk region", provides support (compensates part of the costs) to crop growers in several areas:
- carrying out a complex of agrotechnical works;
- purchase of elite and original seeds;
- increase in the production of vegetables in the open field;
- acquisition and technical service of technical means and equipment for agricultural production, etc.
IRKUTSK REGION
The production of potatoes and vegetables in the region is traditionally provided by households. In 2021, 270,9 thousand tons of potatoes and 65 thousand tons of vegetables were harvested in the households of the population.
In 2022, the region faces the task of producing 333,2 thousand tons of potatoes (the level of 2021, in farms of all categories).
According to operational information, in farms of all categories in 2022, 24,2 thousand hectares were allocated for potatoes, which is 107,6% of the level of 2021 and 107,7% of the planned volumes (+1,7 thousand hectares, in 2021 year - 22,5 thousand hectares, plan - 22,5 thousand hectares), including in agricultural organizations and peasant (farm) enterprises, potatoes were planted on 4,196 thousand hectares or 122,2% compared to the level of 2021 and 107,6, 763% to those planned for the current year (+2021 hectares compared to 2021, in 3,433 - 3,9 thousand hectares, plan - XNUMX thousand hectares).
Potato planting area in the organized sector, thousand ha*
The volume of gross potato harvest in the organized sector, thousand tons*
RECLAIM. As part of the work on land reclamation, in 2021, 18,3 thousand hectares of unused agricultural land were put into circulation with the involvement of more than 30 million rubles for these purposes. federal budget funds, three reclamation (irrigation) systems were built on an area of 414 hectares.
BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION. AT Irkutsk State Agrarian University. A.A. Yezhevsky there is a research laboratory "Breeding, seed production and potato cultivation technologies". The division's tasks include: selection of new varieties of potatoes for the conditions of Eastern Siberia; development of technologies for the cultivation of new varieties of potatoes and their introduction into production; primary seed production of potatoes bred in the Irkutsk State Agrarian University. As part of this work, the breeders of the laboratory created a new potato variety Barb. According to its characteristics, it is mid-season, resistant to the golden potato nematode, moderately resistant to late blight, the maximum yield can reach 387 c/ha.
Since 2013, the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Rosselkhozcenter” in the Irkutsk region has been breeding potatoes on a virus-free basis.
TOP 16 large potato-growing agricultural enterprises of the Irkutsk region in 2021: SHAO "Belorechenskoe" (7 676 tons of potatoes), JSC "Railwayman" (6 520 tons of potatoes), IP Head of KFH Proskurina N.S. (6 270 tons of potatoes), CJSC "Irkutsk seeds" (6 tons of potatoes), IP Head of the KFH Kichigin L.P. (4 820 tons of potatoes), Head of the KFH Skornyakov V.A. (3 020 tons of potatoes), IP head of the KFH Li A.G. (2 736 tons of potatoes), IP Head of KFH Hudakov I.D. (2 400 tons of potatoes), OOO "Agrosmolenskoe" (2 271 tons of potatoes), IP Head of KFH Zaikov
- A. B. (1 980 tons of potatoes), IP Head of the KFH Budyakov A.V. (1 710 tons of potatoes), Head of the KFH Kudnik N.G. (1 600 tons of potatoes), Head of KFH Chuvanov N.I. (1 ha), IP Potashov N.I. (854 ha), Head of KFH Bedushvil
- B.I. (738 tons of potatoes), Sibirskaya Niva LLC (700 ha of potatoes).
STATE SUPPORT MEASURES
Agricultural producers can receive subsidies for carrying out agrotechnological work, increasing the level of environmental safety of agricultural production. Funds are also allocated to support elite seed production.
TOMSK REGION
Potato production volumes in the Tomsk region have been declining in recent years. This is due, first of all, to a significant reduction in the area under potatoes among the population, namely, personal farms still receive 70% of the products in the region. Potato sown areas in agricultural enterprises, peasant farms and individual entrepreneurs also tend to decrease.
Key potato growing enterprises: LLC "Kolpakov" (250 ha under potatoes), Zarechnoye LLC (200 ha under potatoes), A/F Zorkaltsevskaya LLC (234 ha under potatoes), OOO P/Z Zavarzinsky (69 ha under potatoes). For the harvest of 2022, agricultural producers used 45 varieties of potatoes. Under varieties of domestic selection, 63,0% of the total sown area of potatoes was allocated, under varieties of foreign selection - 36,0%. Only 1,0% of the total sown area was occupied by seeds with no signs of origin. The share of the area occupied by elite seeds was 25,7%.
BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION. In 2018, the Potato Breeding and Seed Center was established in the region.
Potato planting area in the organized sector, thousand ha*
The volume of gross potato harvest in the organized sector, thousand tons*
Potato yield indicators in the organized sector, c/ha*
Within the framework of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture, work is being carried out here to develop new potato varieties based on modern molecular biological methods, to produce and market improved seed material of domestic potato varieties of high reproductions.
Participating in the project SibNIISHiT-branch of the Siberian Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and agricultural producers LLC "Kolpakov", LLC AF "Zor-Kaltsevskaya".
The objectives of the project are to create a new variety of table potatoes with a complex of economically valuable traits and properties that are in demand among producers; development of seed production schemes and improvement of technologies for the cultivation of healthy potatoes for the conditions of the subtaiga and taiga zones of Western Siberia.
The implementation of this project will provide the region with seeds of its own domestic selection.
PROVISION OF FARMS WITH VEGETABLE STORAGE AND POTATO STORAGE. In 2022-2024, three investment projects are planned to be implemented in the Tomsk Region for the construction and modernization of storage facilities for potatoes and vegetables with a total capacity of 25,6 thousand tons. Currently, work is underway on the preparation of design estimates, the selection of machinery and equipment. Lending issues are being worked out. The total investment is 128 million rubles.
PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY. It is planned to increase the production of open ground potatoes and vegetables in the region: by 2025, the volume of potato harvests should increase by 6720 tons compared to 2021, the volume of open ground vegetables - by 7130 tons, which will help increase the level of self-sufficiency of the Tomsk region in potatoes and vegetables "borscht". set."
ALTAI REPUBLIC
The Republic of Altai, due to its natural and climatic features, is a region where the leading branch of agricultural production is animal husbandry. The weak development of crop production is associated with the presence of large mountain ranges in the region, and the available sown areas are used primarily to meet the needs of animal husbandry.
The sown area under potatoes in the organized sector is insignificant, the main volume of production is grown in households. In 2021, the total area under potatoes in farms of all categories in the region reached 2,1 thousand hectares, the gross harvest amounted to 21 thousand tons. Organized farms engaged in potato production are mainly represented by small peasant farms, which harvested 2021 hectares of potatoes in 91, with a gross harvest of 821,5 tons.
SEED PRODUCTION. It has been working in the Altai Republic for five years SPPK "NPO "Seeds of Gorny Altai". The agricultural production cooperative was created by combining 11 peasant farms with the support of the Gorno-Altai State University. The cultivation of seed potatoes (from virus-free test tube material to super-super-elite) is the main activity of the association.
The use of natural mountain factors (altitude zonation, spatial isolation and a rather harsh climate) allows the SPKK NPO Semena Gorny Altai to obtain high quality seed material. In 2021, 12 tons of seed potatoes were produced on 90 hectares.
Currently, the technical support of the cooperative is being systematically modernized, new equipment is being purchased, two container-type storage facilities have been built, and equipment for processing and packaging potatoes and vegetables is being actively completed.
The recipients of the produced seed potatoes are SEDEK Agrofirm, farms of the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic, as well as the population of the region.
In addition, the cooperative provides about 40% of the budgetary organizations of the Altai Republic with ware potatoes, carrots, cabbage and beets.
When growing potatoes and vegetables, organic fertilizer "Biohumus" is used, which is obtained on farms by processing organic agricultural waste by Californian red worms.
In order to support the development of the production of potatoes and vegetables in open ground, the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Altai dated April 28, 2021 No. 102 at the expense of the regional budget provides for subsidies for the following activities:
- reimbursement of part of the costs for the creation and (or) reconstruction of vegetable stores and potato stores;
- reimbursement of part of the costs for the purchase of mineral fertilizers and plant protection products;
- reimbursement of part of the costs for produced potatoes and (or) open-ground vegetables (carrots, beets, cabbage, onions) sold to budgetary institutions.
TYVA REPUBLIC
The climate of the Republic of Tuva is sharply continental, the summer is hot and dry, a characteristic feature is a large amplitude of absolute and daily temperatures. Despite the harsh weather conditions, experts are sure that potato and vegetable growing can be developed in the region.
In order to achieve success in these areas, it is important to pay great attention to measures to preserve the fertile soil layer, its restoration; fight pests. A necessary condition for obtaining high yields, given the climate, is also the introduction of artificial irrigation.
STORAGE. A serious problem for the region is the lack of modern storage facilities for vegetables and potatoes. At the moment, the republic is actively working to resolve this issue: several projects have already been subsidized to restore old and build new storage complexes.
VARIETIES OF POTATOES. Among the varieties included in the register, Tuleevsky, Gala, as well as non-zoned Adretta, Sineglazka 2016 are in demand among plant growers.
Potato planting area in farms of all categories, thousand ha*
The volume of gross potato harvest in farms of all categories, thousand tons *
Indicators of potato yield in farms of all categories, centner/ha*
THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA
A significant contribution to the solution of the issue of food security and the cultivation of second bread in the republic is made by the population. The share of households in 2021 accounted for 93% of the sown area.
In the conditions of Khakassia, the potato yield largely depends on the moisture supply and temperature regime, the variability of which leads to strong variability over the years. To obtain a stable potato crop, the use of released varieties is also of great importance. In the eleventh region, which includes the Republic of Khakassia, 48 varieties of potatoes are zoned, among them: Nakra, Antonina, Early Krasnoyarsk, Borus 2, Lina, Lugovskoy, Tuleevsky, Kuznechanka, Malamur, Pushkinets, Polet, Lyubava, White Spring, Hostess, Yugana, Yakutyanka, In memory of Rogachev.
Of the agricultural enterprises growing potatoes in the republic, it can be noted KFH Magomedov M.R. (128 ha).
Work to provide the farmers of the republic with seed planting material is carried out by SPSSK "UR-TUN TOYY". The enterprise is engaged in reproduction of potatoes of the highest reproductions.
In the republic, a subsidy is annually provided to reimburse part of the costs for the purchase and planting of potatoes of higher reproductions.
Potato planting area in the organized sector, ha*
The volume of gross potato harvest in the organized sector, thousand tons*
Potato yield indicators in the organized sector, c/ha*