With the beginning of spring, a serious problem arises on agricultural lands - the appearance of unwanted vegetation. You can get rid of it in different ways, but the most effective method of controlling weeds is herbicide treatment. They are the spraying of chemicals for the purpose of selective or complete destruction of vegetation.
Every year, specialists from the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" in the Krasnoyarsk Territory conduct phytosanitary monitoring of harmful objects, incl. weeds. Weed control is one of the main areas of protective measures carried out in the region, since severe weed infestation can significantly reduce yields. If there is severe weeding, crop plants do not receive enough nutrients, moisture and light. Weeds also contribute to the accumulation of pests and infections.
During the growing season of 2023, herbicide treatments were carried out on agricultural crops on an area of 737,1 thousand hectares (1209,9 thousand hectares in a single calculation), which is 40% of the arable land area. Of these, 541,2 thousand hectares were treated against cereal weeds, and 668,7 thousand hectares against broadleaf weeds. The largest volume of treatments fell on spring cereal grain crops - 27,8%; pulses - spring rape - 6,6%; oats – 1,7%; steam – 1,1%; other crops – 2,8%. (Fig. 1).
The share of imported drugs was 37%, domestic - 48%, import-domestic - 15%. (Fig. 2).
The most widely used herbicides based on active ingredient:
- for spring cereal grains: thiencarbazone-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium + mefenpyr-diethyl antidote; 2,4-D (2-ethylhexyl ester) + florasulam; fenoxaprop-P-ethyl + clodinafop-propargyl + mefenpyr-diethyl;
- on grain legumes: clethodim; chisalofop-P-ethyl + imazamox; fluazifop-P-butyl;
- on oats: dicamba (dimethylamine salt); tribenuron-methyl; 2,4-D (2-ethylhexyl ester) + picloram + florasulam;— on spring rape: clopyralid (2-ethylhexyl ether) + imazamox; clopyralid + picloram; haloxyfop-R-methyl.