The harmfulness of weeds in agriculture is great. Plant species that have been assigned quarantine status deserve close attention of farmers; they are the most harmful among weeds. The damage to agriculture during their spread can be significant.
On the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory there is a quarantine weed plant of the dodder genus. Two species of this genus are recorded in the region - European dodder and hop dodder. The dodder is a parasite and lives by consuming water and nutrients from the host plant, to which it attaches itself with the help of special outgrowths - haustoria. Dodder does not have leaves, the plant is a cord-like stem of red or yellow color and is covered with a large number of capitate or racemose inflorescences in which a huge number of seeds ripen. Dodder reproduces both by seeds and vegetatively - fragments of stems. Dodder causes metabolic disorders, retards the growth and development of host plants, and often leads to the death of entire arrays of cultivated plants.
On the territory adjacent to the Krasnoyarsk Territory - in the Altai Territory - another quarantine plant grows - creeping mustard, which is distinguished by a powerful root system that penetrates to a depth of 10 m. Gorchak fruits are distributed with contaminated seed material, hay and straw. The plant infests crops, gardens, meadows, pastures; grows along dirt and highway roads. It can form clumps up to 5-6 m in diameter during one growing season.
In the Altai Territory and the Irkutsk Region, a dangerous quarantine species is found - the three-flowered nightshade, outwardly similar to other representatives of the nightshade genus. It is an annual plant that reproduces by seeds. Weeds crops of spring crops, orchards and orchards, uncultivated lands and wastelands. The plant is poisonous. If it gets into green fodder, it can cause poisoning of farm animals.
It is impossible to ignore in this material and ragweed. This species is not found on the territory of Siberia, but its fruits can be brought to new areas with seeds, food and fodder grains, and soil. Earlier in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, cases of detection of foci of this type were already registered, which were eliminated in a timely manner. Artemisia ragweed is an annual plant, reaching a height of up to 2 meters during the growing season and outwardly similar to wormwood, but more pubescent and without a characteristic odor. Ambrosia quickly becomes the dominant species in the phytocenosis and, oppressing the associated plant species, forms dense thickets. Ambrosia is also dangerous to human health: its pollen causes allergic diseases.
All quarantine weeds are difficult to eradicate weeds. Control measures - timely mowing, pruning of roots, cultivation of continuous sowing crops, the use of herbicides.
Specialists of the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhozcenter" in the Krasnoyarsk Territory monitor the outbreaks of weeds, including those of quarantine importance. In 2021-2022, employees of the branch in the Krasnoyarsk Territory discovered several foci of dodder european and hop-like. Information about the discovery was transferred to the Territorial Administration of the Rosselkhoznadzor for the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Residents of rural areas and owners of summer cottages can contact the branch in order to identify weeds, pests, plant diseases found on their plots in order to carry out timely control of them in the future.