During the entire growing season, cultivated plants are exposed to the adverse effects of weather (drought, frost, excess rainfall, etc.), diseases, pests and weeds. If a person cannot influence the weather conditions, then it is possible to minimize losses from harmful organisms. Specialists of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" in the Krasnoyarsk Territory annually conduct phytosanitary monitoring of agricultural land to identify and account for pests, diseases and weeds. At the end of the season, it becomes clear how effectively the measures to protect plants from pests were carried out.
The largest volume in the structure of agricultural land of the region is occupied by spring cereals. In 2022, the share of spring grains amounted to 60% of the sown area, of which wheat - 40%, barley - 11%, oats - 9%. Surveys are carried out in 35 districts, observations are made for 29 harmful organisms.
According to preliminary estimates, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the loss of grain crops (wheat, barley, oats) amounted to about 11,7 centners per hectare. Approximately 90% of the lost crop was due to diseases. The greatest damage, as usual, was caused by leaf diseases: leaf septoria (3,1 q) and red-brown spot (2,9 q). Root rot also contributed to the decrease in yield, the yield loss was 1,8 centners, which is lower than the long-term average readings. In 2022, 68% of the seed material was treated in the region, which contributes to the containment of infections. Cereals lost about 2,4 centners from head diseases of fusarium and septoria, which is at the level of the previous year.